服务定位器模式(Service Locator Pattern)用于想使用 JNDI 查询定位各种服务的时候
考虑到为某个服务查找 JNDI 的代价很高,服务定位器模式充分利用了缓存技术
在首次请求某个服务时,服务定位器在 JNDI 中查找服务,并缓存该服务对象
当再次请求相同的服务时,服务定位器会在它的缓存中查找,这样可以在很大程度上提高应用程序的性能
以下是这种设计模式的实体
- 服务(Service) - 实际处理请求的服务。对这种服务的引用可以在 JNDI 服务器中查找到
- Context / 初始的 Context - JNDI Context 带有对要查找的服务的引用
- 服务定位器(Service Locator) - 服务定位器是通过 JNDI 查找和缓存服务来获取服务的单点接触
- 缓存(Cache) - 缓存存储服务的引用,以便复用它们
- 客户端(Client) - Client 是通过 ServiceLocator 调用服务的对象
实现
创建 ServiceLocator 、 InitialContext 、 Cache 、 Service 作为表示实体的各种对象
Service1 和 Service2 表示实体服务
ServiceLocatorPatternDemo ,我们的演示类在这里是作为一个客户端,将使用 ServiceLocator 来演示服务定位器设计模式
范例
1. 创建服务接口 Service
// author: pottercoding.cn 程序员波特,程序员编程资料站(pottercoding.cn)
// Copyright © 2015-2065 pottercoding.cn. All rights reserved.
package com.pottercoding.gof;
public interface Service
public String getName();
public void execute();
2. 创建实体服务
Service1
// author: pottercoding.cn 程序员波特,程序员编程资料站(pottercoding.cn)
// Copyright © 2015-2065 pottercoding.cn. All rights reserved.
package com.pottercoding.gof;
public class Service1 implements Service {
public void execute(){
System.out.println("Executing Service1");
}
@Override
public String getName() {
return "Service1";
}
Service2
// author: pottercoding.cn 程序员波特,程序员编程资料站(pottercoding.cn)
// Copyright © 2015-2065 pottercoding.cn. All rights reserved.
package com.pottercoding.gof;
public class Service2 implements Service {
public void execute(){
System.out.println("Executing Service2");
}
@Override
public String getName() {
return "Service2";
}
3. 为 JNDI 查询创建 InitialContext
// author: pottercoding.cn 程序员波特,程序员编程资料站(pottercoding.cn)
// Copyright © 2015-2065 pottercoding.cn. All rights reserved.
package com.pottercoding.gof;
public class InitialContext
public Object lookup(String jndiName){
if(jndiName.equalsIgnoreCase("SERVICE1")){
System.out.println("Looking up and creating a new Service1 object");
return new Service1();
}else if (jndiName.equalsIgnoreCase("SERVICE2")){
System.out.println("Looking up and creating a new Service2 object");
return new Service2();
}
return null;
}
4. 创建缓存 Cache
// author: pottercoding.cn 程序员波特,程序员编程资料站(pottercoding.cn)
// Copyright © 2015-2065 pottercoding.cn. All rights reserved.
package com.pottercoding.gof;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Cache {
private List<Service> services;
public Cache(){
services = new ArrayList<Service>();
}
public Service getService(String serviceName){
for (Service service : services) {
if(service.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(serviceName)){
System.out.println("Returning cached "+serviceName+" object");
return service;
}
}
return null;
}
public void addService(Service newService){
boolean exists = false;
for (Service service : services) {
if(service.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(newService.getName())){
exists = true;
}
}
if(!exists){
services.add(newService);
}
}
5. 创建服务定位器 ServiceLocator
// author: pottercoding.cn 程序员波特,程序员编程资料站(pottercoding.cn)
// Copyright © 2015-2065 pottercoding.cn. All rights reserved.
package com.pottercoding.gof;
public class ServiceLocator {
private static Cache cache;
static {
cache = new Cache();
}
public static Service getService(String jndiName){
Service service = cache.getService(jndiName);
if(service != null){
return service;
}
InitialContext context = new InitialContext();
Service service1 = (Service)context.lookup(jndiName);
cache.addService(service1);
return service1;
}
6. 使用 ServiceLocator 来演示服务定位器设计模式
// author: pottercoding.cn 程序员波特,程序员编程资料站(pottercoding.cn)
// Copyright © 2015-2065 pottercoding.cn. All rights reserved.
package com.pottercoding.gof;
public class ServiceLocatorPatternDemo
public static void main(String[] args) {
Service service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service1");
service.execute();
service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service2");
service.execute();
service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service1");
service.execute();
service = ServiceLocator.getService("Service2");
service.execute();
}
编译运行以上 Java 范例,输出结果如下
$ javac -d . src/main/com.pottercoding/gof/ServiceLocatorPatternDemo.java
$ java com.pottercoding.gof.ServiceLocatorPatternDemo
Looking up and creating a new Service1 object
Executing Service1
Looking up and creating a new Service2 object
Executing Service2
Returning cached Service1 object
Executing Service1
Returning cached Service2 object
Executing Service2