二十六、MySQL GROUP BY 分组查询数据

GROUP BY 语句根据一个或多个列对结果集进行分组

在分组的列上可以使用 COUNT(), SUM(), AVG() 等函数

GROUP BY 语法格式

SQLSELECT 中语句使用 GROUP BY 子句对查询数据进行分组的语法格式如下

SELECT column_name, function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name;

范例数据

可以在mysql> 命令行中运行以下语句填充范例数据

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tbl_language;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tbl_rank;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tbl_language(
   id INT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT,
   name VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
   url VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
   founded_at DATE,
   PRIMARY KEY ( id )
)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tbl_rank(
   id INT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT,
   name VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
   month VARCHAR(7) NOT NULL,
   rank TINYINT NOT NULL,
   rate VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY ( id )
)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
INSERT INTO tbl_language VALUES
    (1,'Python','https://pottercoding.cn','1991-2-20'),
    (2,'PHP','http://www.php.net','1994-1-1'),
    (3,'Ruby','https://www.ruby-lang.org/','1996-12-25');
INSERT INTO tbl_rank VALUES
    (1, 'Python','2018-04',4,'5.083%'),
    (2, 'PHP','2018-04',6,'4.218%'),
    (3, 'Ruby','2018-04',11,'2.018%'),
    (4, 'Java','2018-04',1,'15.777%'),
    (5, 'Python','2018-03',4,'5.869%'),
    (6, 'PHP','2018-03',7,'4.010%'),
    (7, 'Ruby','2018-03',12,'2.744%'),
    (8, 'Java','2018-03',1,'14.941'),
    (9, 'Python','2018-02',4,'5.168%'),
    (10, 'PHP','2018-02',7,'3.420%'),
    (11, 'Ruby','2018-02',10,'2.534%'),
    (12, 'Java','2018-02',1,'14.988%');